Colors and the Meaning of the Croatia Flag
Flag of Croatia is the official flag of the Republic of Croatia. Flag of Croatia consists of three equal horizontal areas. In the middle of the flag there is a coat of arms representing the regions of Croatia.
The colors in the flag are traditional Croatian colors. The emblem on the flag, adopted on 22 December 1991, was used for the first time in the Second World War. The five icons on the ground represent five regions in Croatia. From left to right are Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria, and Slavonia.
History of the Croatia Flag
Flag of Croatia first appeared in 1848 under the reign of Josip Jelačić. This flag also represented the tripartite kingdom of Dalmatia-Slovenia-Croatia. Flag of Croatia consists of three horizontal colors; red, white and light blue respectively. In the middle of the flag is a shield with a shield and a royal crown on its upper side.
The national anthem of Croatia is written in 1835 before the first flag appeared. This song was written by Antun Mihanović and the composer is Josip Runjanin. When the anthem was first published in the Danica newspaper, it was first mentioned in 1891 at the Croatian-Slavonian Economic Association meeting.
During the period of civil wars in Croatia, the Croatian flag changed and became yellow and black. But it didn’t change until the end of the First World War by turning to the old colors, red, white and blue.
World War I
In 1914, Croatia joined the First World War by taking on a pure side of Hungary. After the end of World War I in 1918, Croatia undergoes profound changes in all aspects and becomes part of the Royal Union under the Yugoslav Union established after the end of the war. During this period, the flag of Croatia was changed and the royal crown on top of the shield was removed and the flag did not change until the end of World War II.
World War II
In 1939, World War II began and Croatia entered the war as part of Yugoslavia. When the communists came to power in 1945, after the end of World War II, the armored shield in the middle of the flag was removed and the communist star was replaced.
In 1947, the Croatian flag was changed and the communist communion star was enlarged with a golden frame. In May 1990, after the first multiparty elections, the communist star in the middle of the flag was replaced with a shield. On 21 December 1990 the same flag was accepted as the official flag of Croatia. Ten months after the official adoption of this flag, Croatia has declared its independence from the Yugoslav Union.
On 22 December 1990, a day after the official recognition of the flag, the Constitution of Croatia is declared. In June 1991, while Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia, Serbia objected to independence and occupied about one-third of Croatia’s territory. In January 1992, the United Nations intervened and the cease-fire was decided, the war ceased, but one-third of Croatia’s territory remained under the occupation of Serbia. With the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement in 1995, the war ended permanently.
The current Croatian Flag consists of three strips of horizontal red, white and blue. The shield is the symbol of the country in the middle of the flag.
Neighboring Countries of Croatia
Croatia, a unitary democratic parliamentary republic located in Europe at the crossroads of Central Europe, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean, borders Serbia in the east, Bosnia and Herzegovina in the southeast, Slovenia in the northwest, Hungary in the northeast and Montenegro in the south.
Main Characteristics of Croatia
It has become one of the most important tourism centers of Europe due to its being one of the most beautiful coasts of the Mediterranean and the touristic places to visit. Visitors to the country also prefer the coast of the Adriatic Sea. Capital; Zagreb is a culturally developed city with street artists, theaters and concerts. The majority of the population speaks Croatian, the official language. The currency is Kuna.
The Mediterranean climate dominates the Istria Peninsula and the Dalmatian coast. In these regions, summers are hot and dry, winters are warm and rainy. There is a harder climate in the inner parts and mountainous regions.
| Country | Croatia |
| Code | HR (HRV) |
| Calling code | 385 |
| Capital city | Zagreb |
| Currency | croatian kuna (HRK) |
| Emoji symbol | 🇭🇷 |
| Highest point | Dinara (1,831 m) |
| Internet TLD | .hr |
| Population(2017) | 4,189,353 |
| Total area | 56,538 km2 |