San Marino is the capital of San Marino on Monte Titano. The largest city is Dogana. The only neighbor in the country is Italy, which surrounds four sides.
The Republic of San Marino is a small state in southern Europe, surrounded by Italy, on the top of the Apennines. One of the five micro-states of Europe, San Marino is a completely independent state from Italy, although it is surrounded by Italy.
San Marino, which was said to have been founded in the 4th century, is a breathtaking country with its steep slopes and castles. San Marino, who managed to maintain its independence even during the Renaissance, is proud of it.
When did San Marino Become the Capital?
San Marino, one of the oldest countries in the world and the oldest republic, was founded by Dalmatians, a Christian master who fled the torture of the Roman Emperor Diocletianus against Christians on September 3, 301, and those who gathered around him. Throughout its history, the country has generally lived in peace.
The city gained autonomy in the 9th century, then the San Marino became the Republic in the 13th century. In 1503, it was occupied by Cesare Borgia for a while.
By order of Pope XII Clemens in 1739, he was occupied by the Papal army for a time. The Vienna Congress, which convened in 1815, continued to recognize San Marino as a state. San Marino did not participate in the Merger of Italy, which took place with the efforts of Giuseppe Garibaldi.
From 1923 to 1943, San Marino was under the dominion of the Fascist Party of San Marino (PSK). San Marino remained neutral during World War II, although it was mistakenly declared war on Britain on 17 September 1940. After the fall of Benito Mussolini in Italy, the new government has declared its neutrality in the conflict. The country was bombed by the British Royal Air Force on June 26, 1944. At least 35 people were killed in the operation. When the Allied forces went to the Gothic Line, thousands of civilians from San Marino accepted the refugee.
In September 1944, San Marino was occupied by German forces. Then it was attacked by Allied forces. Allied troops withdrew shortly after. After World War II, San Marino was ruled by a coalition government established by the Communist Party and the Socialist Party between 1945-1957. Thus, it became the first country to be ruled by Communists in Western Europe.
Features of San Marino
San Marino has a population of 4,044 compared to 2018. San Marino has a surface area of 7.09 square kilometers. This small country, which does not have a beach, welcomes an average of 2 million visitors every year. One of the main reasons tourists prefer San Marino is that they have a Mediterranean climate.
In short, San Marino is hot but not overpowering summer and cool winters. San Marino’s climate is spectacular because of the highest point of sea level 749, the lowest point is only 55 meters high. This height makes the country a little bit colder than the other Mediterranean countries, but it is not a permanent snowfall as in the Swiss Alps.
The economy of San Marino is considered to be very stable and successful in the world public. Tourism is the most important source of income in the country. The rest are banking, electronics, and ceramics. Most cheese and wine are produced in the food sector. Besides, wheat, grape, corn, and olive are produced in agriculture. Livestock breeding cattle, pigs and horses are common. Although the country is not rich in terms of natural resources, the financial resources and the tourism sector complete this deficiency.
San Marino is the state based on the will of its citizens, so there is a comfortable and safe life in the country. The people of San Marino are of Italian origin and even though they speak Italian, they call themselves San Marino. They don’t like it when they call themselves Italian.
The Three Castles of San Marino are symbols of the country. On the flag of the country and the coat of arms of these Three Castles are.
One of the famous symbols of the country is the chocolate and cakes produced in these fortresses. San Marino cuisine features Italian cuisine.
Important Places to See in San Marino
The small town of San Marino can be visited in a short time. There are also many buildings at the top of San Marino, where you can only go by cable car.
The Basilica of St. Marino, built in the early 19th century.
- The first tower built as a watchtower in 1253
- The second tower, which is the symbol of the country and used as the Black Collection Museum.
- The art gallery of the State Museum, built in 1376, including frescoes, paintings and sacred objects of the exhibition including the Museum of St. Francis and the Government Building.